Houston, it's a bit warm up here.

太空可能極度寒冷，也可能熾熱難當，端看你是否面向太陽。你的背光面面對幾近真空的虛空；你的體熱慢慢地輻射到溫度 2.7K 的背景環境中。向陽面則會被高達 1,361 W/m² 的能量——也就是驅動衛星太陽能板的同一股能量——給烤熟。

順帶一提，我很驚訝地發現『液冷通風服』（LCVG）是太空漫步的標準配備。太空衣的主要任務其實是負責散熱，而不是讓太空人保暖！

現在，將太空漫步的你換成資料中心，就能看出問題所在了。

要冷卻一個塞滿高溫機架的太空資料中心絕非易事。太空中，唯一的散熱途徑是透過熱輻射。此方式效率極低，因此資料中心需安裝所謂『散熱器』的巨大面板——其表面積可能是 XPU 伺服器機架的數千倍大。

有些絕頂聰明的人說這事辦得到。我相信他們。這會是令人嘆為觀止的成就。

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Space can be freezing cold or scorching hot depending on whether you are facing the sun. The shaded side of you faces a void nearly empty of particles; you'll radiate body heat slowly to the 2.7K background. The sunny side, however, will be—well, cooked—by the same 1,361 W/m² energy flux that powers a satellite’s solar panels.

BTW I was surprised to learn that the LCVG (Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment) is a standard-issue for spacewalks. The suit's job is actually to remove heat, not to keep the astronaut warm!

Now, swap the astronaut for a data center, and you see the problem.

It is not easy to cool a space data center full of hot racks. The only way to dump heat in space is through radiation, which is inefficient. Therefore, you need to attach massive panels called radiators to the data center—their surface area would likely be thousands of times larger than the XPU server racks.

Some very smart people said it can be done. I trust them. It’ll be a mind-boggling achievement.

Re: The Genesis Mission (a.k.a. MP 2.0)

Re: The Genesis Mission (a.k.a. MP 2.0)：
參考：

美國有一條從政府到商業的輸送管道 (Government-to-Commercial Pipeline），透過 DARPA（國防高等研究計劃署）、NASA（國家航空暨太空總署）和 NSF（國家科學基金會）等機構，政府扮演「第一線風險承擔者」的角色，資助對私人企業來說過於昂貴、風險太高或太具投機性的技術。一旦技術證明可行並「去風險化」，它就被釋放到商業領域，創造出巨大的經濟浪潮。

例子：GPS, 網際網路，衛星與無線通訊，積體電路（IC），噴射引擎。

消費時機，奉獻時機

偶爾看到台灣媒體批評台灣服務業價格偏高，心裡就頗不舒服。

一般而言，人力占服務業的主要成本。如果服務價格確實合理反應人力成本的增加，難道對基層勞工不是好事？如果對基層勞工是好事，難道對台灣社會不是好事？

批評者是否把台灣的幸福指數建築在低廉的服務人力之上呢？若如此，就很虛偽了。某些人可能不願至某高級餐廳消費，但只要另一些人願意消費，該餐廳員工的薪酬便可能好些。餐廳員工的背後是許多家庭，難道他們就必須領低薪，好讓更多人享受划算的快感？何況餐廳的定價受市場供需的調節，影響餐廳經營，並非任意。餐廳且常被黑道混混騷擾，簽帳不還乃常事。媒體為何不挖黑道混混的惡行呢？是不敢吧。而商家目標明顯，好欺負嘛。

這就又回到台灣因扶助口導向的經濟，長期干預匯率，使得進口的原物料價格偏貴，直接廣泛地傷害中低收入階層。我知道出口經濟對台灣很重要，但長期的匯率干預，難道不是劫貧濟富？

以公平正義為名的報導，多有譁眾取寵；隨之起鬨的心態，則可憐可鄙。有些人宗教奉獻大方得很（部份動機是累積福報迴向自己），對做小生意的、做勞力活的，卻相當苛刻。何不把預定的奉獻金額分成多份，在下一個消費時機，多給提供服務的人呢？

消費時機，可能是最佳的奉獻時機。

海明威談微積分

海明威擅用簡潔自然的對話，無矯飾地暴露冰山之一角，讓讀者不得不自行推敲想像水下冰山之龐大。他的名世之作 “The Sun Also Rises,” 其中有一段經典對話：

"How did you go bankrupt?"
"Two ways. Gradually, then suddenly."

Gradually, then suddenly, 用以理解世間事，很管用。積分是微分的結果，但微分不易察覺，故而積分顯得突然，顯得意外。大廈崩於一瞬，因為地基長期在不見天日中腐蝕了。水會沸騰是因為持續加熱。火箭飛天是因為牛頓的信徒相信自然原理啟迪於觀察、歸結於數學。科技產業富可敵國，因為無數工程師一個電路一行程式碼逐漸改變了人們的生活方式。

AI 也會是這樣。先從改變軟體設計開始，這很可怕，因為軟體是美國科技的靈魂，而 AI 的起手式便是靈魂拷問。逐漸地，一切都會不一樣，從人造物質，到全自動服務。

憂慮 AI 泡沫的人混淆了兩件事，一是資本市場的期待值，另一是生產服務模式的質變。兩者皆為常態：前者動盪無常，受群眾情緒左右；後者默默積累，不受群眾情緒左右。

Gradually, then suddenly.

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For fun, I asked Gemini 3 to translate my post to English in the style of Hemingway, Orwell, and Emerson, respectively. The results are astonishing. Now I have a tool I trust to translate some of my blog articles to English for my children to read.

Here's the Emerson example. Ralph Waldo Emerson was born in Boston and matured in Concord, a lovely town close to where I used to live in MA. Emerson is a great American essayist.

********

"How did you go bankrupt?"
"Two ways. Gradually, then suddenly."

This dialogue is drawn from Hemingway’s first work of renown, The Sun Also Rises. He possesses a mastery of unadorned, natural speech, laying bare the mere tip of the iceberg without affectation, thereby compelling the reader to divine by his own faculties the vast, submerged mass beneath.

"Gradually, then suddenly"—it is a maxim well-fitted to comprehend the affairs of the world. The integral is but the fruit of the derivative; yet, inasmuch as the derivative works in the insensible, the integral appears to us as a sudden marvel, a stroke of chance. The great edifice crumbles in a breath, for its foundations have long rotted in the sunless earth. The water leaps to vapor only through the persistence of the flame. The rocket ascends the heavens because the disciples of Newton placed their faith in natural laws—divined from observation and perfected in mathematics. The technology industry commands the wealth of empires because a myriad of engineers, with one circuit and one line of code at a time, have by degrees transformed the very manner of our living.

So too shall it be with Artificial Intelligence. It begins by altering the architecture of software; a formidable thing, for software is the very soul of American invention, and the opening gambit of this new intelligence is a probing interrogation of that soul. By degrees, all things shall be made new—from the artifacts of our hands to the services that attend us without hand.

Those who tremble at the bubble of AI confuse two distinct entities: the expectations of the capital market and the transmutation of the mode of production. Both are in the order of nature: the one is capricious, swayed by the whims of the multitude; the other accumulates in silence, heedless of the public mood.

Gradually, then suddenly.

風露集 （9/11/2025）左派的自由

天下受左派之苦久矣！無以言表，讀駱賓王《為徐敬業討武曌檄》解悶氣。

千萬別把左派嘴上說的自由寬容當真，因為左派是極容易被觸犯的，並且他們不打算跟你辯論，而是用「意識形態站隊」的方式讓你噤若寒蟬。

駱賓王曾在牢獄中聞秋蟬之聲而詠嘆：
 露重飛難進，
 風多響易沉。

自由啊自由，真是薄如蟬翼。

風露集（8/26/2025）大罷免之後

呆若木雞，持盈保泰；
風雨如晦，民無所賴。

導航無方，鬥爭過人；
憫我生民，所託非人。

老柯戀棧，國家暫停；
顫顫巍巍，民無能名。

麗君作文，美琴虛張；
藥不對症，徒勞換湯。

民團賣萌，總統愛萌；
智者踽踽，零雨其濛。

唯我工商，自食其力；
轉戰四海，頂天立地。
失之東隅，收之桑榆。
莫失志氣，良機再期。

同溫層

這張圖有點意思。

1. 它畫對了，就邏輯而言。懂與不懂，對與不對，支持與不支持，沒有交集。
2. 它卻畫錯了，就實際而言。世界上的人與事都是模棱兩可的，含糊其辭的，撲朔迷離的，似是而非的，朝三暮四的，羊頭狗肉的。
3. 它又畫對了，就人的判斷模式而言。人總是得選擇，然後替自己的選擇自圓其說。我懂，他們無知。我明白，他們糊塗。

同溫層的具體定義就是一群需要現實世界來配合他們自畫的心理圖像的人。